PSG has now won the season-opening trophy on 14 separate times.
The Parisian giants needed a dramatic leveler followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a fourth straight Trophee des Champions victory.
The Champions League holders seemed to be coasting towards a comfortable triumph in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the French Cup holders after Ousmane Dembele found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, the southern French side struck two times in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. First, the English forward scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately turned the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial equaliser in the final moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. The Parisian shot-stopper Lucas Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, stopping crucial attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, the full-back, and the young talent all scored successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 shootout win.
The record champions PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now lifted this competition for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.